Beyond the classic Windows 10 corruption fixing commands :
SFC /SCANNOW
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
There is a way to « Restore Health » requiring DISM to access a system image. However the ISO do not have anymore the classic install.wim images, but some new encrypted .esd images !
Ok, so here is the option for servicing a Windows 10 computer with ESD image.
Get the Media Creator tool from Microsoft and create an ISO file for your Windows 10.
Then mount it, through Windows Explorer on Windows 10, this goes like on E: drive
Then open an elevated command prompt, engage DISM image corruption check and fix commands :
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:ESD:e:\sources\install.esd:1 /limitaccess
Notice the section in red color, this is how to specify to DISM to not use classic WIM images, but rather encrypted ESD files. This helps when you get a « source does not exist » feedback from DISM when trying to scan and fix windows 10 issues.
I found it not very well documented in various forums, so here is the note !
Note : working with Microsoft Engineers on patching issues, here is what the engineer used to fix SXS and patches installation corruption
net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptSvc
net stop bits
net stop msiserver
net stop trustedinstaller
Ren « C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution » SoftwareDistribution.1
Ren « C:\Windows\System32\catroot2 » Catroot2.1
Ren « C:\Windows\logs\cbs » cbs.1
Ren « C:\Windows\inf\setupapi.dev.log » setupapi.dev.log.1
net start wuauserv
net start cryptSvc
net start bits
net start msiserver
net start trustedinstaller